CA Lawyers for Charges of Criminal Attempts

What Does the DA Have to Prove for Assault with a Deadly Weapon?

Jury Instruction 875. Assault With Deadly Weapon or Force Likely to Produce Great Bodily Injury

The defendant is charged [in Count ] with assault with (force likely to produce great bodily injury/a deadly weapon other than a firearm/a firearm/a semiautomatic firearm/a machine gun/an assault weapon/a .50 BMG rifle) [in violation of Penal Code section 245].

To prove that the defendant is guilty of this crime, the People must prove that:

• Alternative 1A force with weapon

1. The defendant did an act with (a deadly weapon other than a firearm/a firearm/a semiautomatic firearm/a machine gun/an assault weapon/a .50 BMG rifle) that by its nature would directly and probably result in the application of force to a person

• Alternative 1B force without weapon

1. The defendant did an act that by its nature would directly and probably result in the application of force to a person
2. The force used was likely to produce great bodily injury;
3. The defendant did that act willfully
4. When the defendant acted, (he/she) was aware of facts that would lead a reasonable person to realize that (his/her) act by its nature would directly and probably result in the application of force to someone
5. When the defendant acted, (he/she) had the present ability to apply force (likely to produce great bodily injury/with a deadly weapon other than a firearm/with a firearm/with a semiautomatic firearm/with a machine gun/with an assault weapon/with a .50 BMG rifle) to a person.
6. The defendant did not act (in self-defense/ [or] in defense of someone else).

Someone commits an act willfully when he or she does it willingly or on purpose. It is not required that he or she intend to break the law, hurt someone else, or gain any advantage.

What Does Application of Force Mean?

The terms application of force and apply force mean to touch in a harmful or offensive manner. The slightest touching can be enough if it is done in a rude or angry way. Making contact with another person, including through his or her clothing, is enough. The touching does not have to cause pain or injury of any kind. The touching can be done indirectly by causing an object, or someone else, to touch the other person. The People are not required to prove that the defendant actually touched someone. The People are not required to prove that the defendant actually intended to use force against someone when (he/she) acted. No one needs to actually have been injured by defendant’s act. But if someone was injured, you may consider that fact, along with all the other evidence, in deciding whether the defendant committed an assault, and if so, what kind of assault it was.

• Voluntary intoxication is not a defense to assault.
• Great bodily injury means significant or substantial physical injury. It is an injury that is greater than minor or moderate harm.
• A deadly weapon other than a firearm is any object, instrument, or weapon that is inherently deadly or dangerous or one that is used in such a way that it is capable of causing and likely to cause death or great bodily injury.
• A firearm is any device designed to be used as a weapon, from which a projectile is discharged or expelled through a barrel by the force of an explosion or other form of combustion.
• A semiautomatic firearm extracts a fired cartridge and chambers a fresh cartridge with each single pull of the trigger.
• A machine gun is any weapon that shoots/is designed to shoot/or can readily be restored to shoot automatically more than one shot by a single function of the trigger and without manual reloading.
• An assault weapon includes <insert names of appropriate designated assault weapons listed in Pen. Code, §§ 12276 and 12276.1>.

A criminal lawyer experienced in defending against these charges can help you find the appropriate defense. There are many factors that need to be analyzed in order to develop the strongest, credible defense. A criminal attorney may see the opportunity to raise the defense of involuntary intoxication or insanity. Self defense or defense of another is also viable options. However, contrary to popular belief, protecting property is usually not an acceptable defense because property is not considered as valuable as human life.

Potentially, prevention of a crime may rise to the level of justification for an assault with a deadly weapon. Lack of intent may also be a viable argument if the assault occurred accidentally. There are many possible defenses, and an experienced attorney will certainly ensure that every option available in you particular case in fully explored.

If you are not a United States citizen, your immigration status or application for citizenship will be in jeopardy if convicted of Assault with a Deadly Weapon.

Attempt Charges in California

In a recent decision of the California First District Court of Appeal reinforced the principle that an attempt, under California law, requires more than mere preparation to commit a crime. There is no offense except when the defendant commits an unequivocal act or acts that, unless frustrated by some external circumstance, would result in the accomplishment of the intended offense.

If convicted, generally speaking a defendant found guilty of the attempt will be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for one-half the term of the offense attempted. However, if the crime attempted is willful, deliberate, and premeditated murder, as defined in Penal Code Section 189, the person guilty of that attemptshall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life

Penal Code Section 664 States:

"Every person who attempts to commit any crime, but fails, or is prevented or intercepted in its perpetration, shall be punished where no provision is made by law for the punishment of those attempts, as follows:

• (a) If the crime attempted is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison, the person guilty of the attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for one-half the term of imprisonment prescribed upon a conviction of the offense attempted. However, if the crime attempted is willful, deliberate, and premeditated murder, as defined in Section 189, the person guilty of that attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life with the possibility of parole. If the crime attempted is any other one in which the maximum sentence is life imprisonment or death, the person guilty of the attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for five, seven, or nine years. The additional term provided in this section for attempted willful, deliberate, and premeditated murder shall not be imposed unless the fact that the attempted murder was willful, deliberate, and premeditated is charged in the accusatory pleading and admitted or found to be true by the trier of fact.
• (b) If the crime attempted is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail, the person guilty of the attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for a term not exceeding one-half the term of imprisonment prescribed upon a conviction of the offense attempted.
• (c) If the offense so attempted is punishable by a fine, the offender convicted of that attempt shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one-half the largest fine which may be imposed upon a conviction of the offense attempted.
• (d) If a crime is divided into degrees, an attempt to commit the crime may be of any of those degrees, and the punishment for the attempt shall be determined as provided by this section.
• (e) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), if attempted murder is committed upon a peace officer or firefighter, as those terms are defined in paragraphs (7) and (9) of subdivision (a) of Section 190.2, a custodial officer, as that term is defined in subdivision (a) of Section 831 or subdivision (a) of Section 831.5, a custody assistant, as that term is defined in subdivision (a) of Section 831.7, or a nonsworn uniformed employee of a sheriff's department whose job entails the care or control of inmates in a detention facility, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 289.6, and the person who commits the offense knows or reasonably should know that the victim is a peace officer, firefighter, custodial officer, custody assistant, or nonsworn uniformed employee of a sheriff's department engaged in the performance of his or her duties, the person guilty of the attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for life with the possibility of parole.

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This subdivision shall apply if it is proven that a direct but ineffectual act was committed by one person toward killing another human being and the person committing the act harbored express malice aforethought, namely, a specific intent to unlawfully kill another human being. The Legislature finds and declares that this paragraph is declaratory of existing law.

(f) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), if the elements of subdivision (e) are proven in an attempted murder and it is also charged and admitted or found to be true by the trier of fact that the attempted murder was willful, deliberate, and premeditated, the person guilty of the attempt shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison for 15 years to life. Article 2.5 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 7 of Title 1 of Part 3 shall not apply to reduce this minimum term of 15 years in state prison, and the person shall not be released prior to serving 15 years' confinement."

Even when it is undisputed that a defendant intended to break the law, his conduct may still be deemed to be at a preliminary stage. His/her conduct may be preparatory only, if further preparation is necessary, such as, the purchase of a necessary ingredient, before he or she could actually attempt to commit the offense.